Moscow is threatening to make changes to its nuclear doctrine in response to what the Kremlin views as “escalatory actions” by the U.S. and NATO.

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov dropped the warning on Tuesday in comments to reporters, saying that mounting “challenges” created by the U.S. and its allies “without a doubt, put before us in all its magnitude the question of how the basic documents in the field of nuclear deterrence can be brought more into line with current needs.”

He said Russian authorities would not give advance notice of what exact changes would be made to the doctrine, which lays out the conditions under which the Russian president would consider using a nuclear weapon.

Ryabkov’s comments come less than a week after Vladimir Putin floated the idea of making changes to the nuclear doctrine at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, calling it a “living tool” subject to change and warning that “we are carefully watching what is happening in the world around us and do not exclude making some changes to this doctrine.”

At that time, Putin said there was no basis for Moscow to use nuclear weapons against Ukraine but that Russia wouldn’t hesitate to use them if the “very existence” of the country is threatened.

He also suggested that the U.S. would not come to the rescue of European countries if they were targeted in nuclear strikes.

“If it comes to it, God forbid… Europeans must think about whether the Americans will get involved in a nuclear exchange at the strategic weapons level if those with whom we exchange strikes do not exist. I really doubt it,” he said, according to Interfax.

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Russia, Belarus launch a second stage of drills to train troops in tactical nuclear weapons

Russian Defense Ministry Press Service, A pair of MiG-31 fighter jets of the Russian air force taxi out for a training mission with two Tu-22M3 bombers seen in the background during joint Russian-Belarusian drills intended to train the military to use tactical nuclear weapons.

Russia and its ally Belarus on Tuesday launched a second stage of drills intended to train their troops in tactical nuclear weapons, part of the Kremlin's efforts to discourage the West from ramping up support for Ukraine.

In announcing the nuclear maneuvers last month, the Russian Defense Ministry said they were in response to “provocative statements and threats of certain Western officials regarding the Russian Federation.”

The Kremlin has expressed outrage after French President Emmanuel Macron said he doesn't exclude deploying troops to Ukraine, and the U.S. and some other NATO allies allowed Kyiv to use the weapons supplied by them for striking targets on the Russian territory.

Speaking to reporters Tuesday, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said that such drills and maintaining combat readiness are important in view of the “hostile decisions and actions” by the U.S. and its allies in Europe and their “daily provocations.”

Sergei Shoigu, the secretary of Russia's Security Council, said in remarks published Tuesday that the maneuvers were a due response to “Western support of the Kyiv regime, active involvement of NATO's troops in combat operations in Ukraine and an effective permission for Kyiv to launch missile strikes on Russian civilian facilities.” He added that the drills were also part of Moscow's reaction to NATO allies beefing up their military potential near Russia's borders.

During the second stage of the drills that began Tuesday, Russian and Belarusian troops will undergo joint training in non-strategic nuclear weapons used in combat, the Defense Ministry said. It noted that the exercise is aimed at maintaining readiness of personnel and equipment to ensure “sovereignty and territorial integrity” of the alliance of Russia and Belarus.

The first stage of the exercise last month envisaged a preparation for nuclear missions and deployment for launches, according to the Defense Ministry. The Russian military had trained separately during the initial stage of the maneuvers before joint drills with Belarusian forces.

Last year, Russia moved some of its tactical nuclear weapons into neighboring Belarus, which also borders Ukraine and NATO members Poland, Latvia and Lithuania. Belarus’ authoritarian President Alexander Lukashenko has relied on close ties with Russia and provided his country as a staging ground for the war in Ukraine.

Tactical nuclear weapons include air bombs, warheads for short-range missiles and artillery munitions and are meant for use on a battlefield. Usually they are less powerful than the strategic weapons — massive warheads that arm intercontinental ballistic missiles and are intended to obliterate entire cities.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has noted, however, that even Russia’s battlefield nuclear weapons are much more powerful than the two atomic bombs the U.S. dropped on Japan at the end of World War II.

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Last week, Putin declared that the West is wrong to proceed from the assumption that Russia will never use its atomic arsenal.

Putin pointed at the country's nuclear doctrine that envisages the use of nuclear weapons in case of a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity. At the same time, he said he sees no current threat to Russia’s sovereignty that would warrant the use of nuclear weapons and emphasized that Moscow doesn't need them to defeat Ukraine.

The Russian leader has repeatedly reminded the West about the country's nuclear might since he sent troops into Ukraine in 2022.

Speaking last week, Putin warned that Russia could revise its nuclear doctrine if the situation changes. The current doctrine states that atomic weapons could be used in response to a nuclear strike or an attack with conventional forces that threaten “the very existence” of the Russian state.

Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov said Tuesday that the latest moves by the U.S. and its allies have raised the need for modifying the doctrine.

“There is a trend for further exacerbation of the situation, and the multiplying challenges resulting from unacceptable escalatory actions by the U.S. and its NATO allies raise the issue of how basic documents in the sphere of nuclear deterrence could be brought in closer conformity with the current needs,” Ryabkov said, according to Russian news agencies. He didn't say how the nuclear doctrine could be changed.

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