For high-quality construction, when choosing materials, the most important criterion is the strength of building materials. Since the materials are subject to constant stress, the importance of this characteristic is difficult to overestimate.

Strength

Strength is the direct ability of a material to cope with the impact of external forces that cause internal stress, their endurance in relation to deformations, loads and other factors.

The Material strength is constantly exposed to influences that cause stress within the material itself, wearing it out.

Types of Metal Strength Limits

Depending on the impact, the strength limit can be:

Static

Loads increase from zero to the limit value slowly and for a long time. After reaching the peak, they remain at a constant level for a long time. Static strength limit is the threshold of mechanical stable stress, above which the body will collapse.

Dynamic

With such loads, which have a short-term effect and act, for example, after impacts, there is an acceleration of particles in the structure of either the body or the elements in contact with it. The dynamic strength limit is the threshold value of mechanical alternating stress (under impact influences), after which the body made of a certain material will lose its integrity. The loading period is usually no more than a few seconds from the start of the load. After this time, destruction occurs.

Depending on the type of effort applied, the strength limits are as follows:

Compression

Compressive forces lead to a decrease in the original volume. The ultimate value of the Strength of materials is the threshold after which compression destroys the object or changes its structure and geometry, i.e. deforms it. Examples are boiler foundations.

Stretching

The limiting value here, after increasing which the body is destroyed as a result of the stretching effect exerted in the direction of the axis. When stretched, the object lengthens. From the moment the force is applied until significant thinning or rupture usually does not take very long. Examples are drive belts in cars, cables in lifting or other equipment.

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