India has reportedly shown a keen interest in participating in Russia’s ambitious project for a lunar nuclear power plant. This project is integrated into a larger initiative to create a lunar base in partnership with China.

The project, led by Russia’s state nuclear corporation, Rosatom, aims to build a small nuclear power plant capable of generating up to half a megawatt of energy, providing the necessary power for the base.

According to a report by TASS, Rosatom chief Alexey Likhachev said that China and India are eager to be involved in creating this groundbreaking lunar energy solution.

Speaking at the Eastern Economic Forum, Likhachev said, “The new solution that we are asked to implement is the option of a lunar nuclear power plant with an energy capacity of up to half a megawatt.”

“By the way, with the involvement of the international community, our Chinese and Indian partners are very interested in this. We are trying to lay the foundation for several international space projects,” according to Likhachev.

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Russia’s space agency, Roscosmos, had previously declared in May that work on this nuclear power plant was underway, intending to deploy it to the Moon by 2036.

The reactor will provide energy for a proposed lunar base, which Russia and China are jointly working on. India’s desire for a lunar base coincides with its possible participation in the project.

The construction of this lunar nuclear power plant will be complex. Russia previously revealed that it would likely be carried out autonomously without the direct involvement of humans.

The technological solutions for this endeavor are reportedly near completion, signaling a major leap forward in lunar exploration and energy production.

Russia and China have been collaborating closely in space exploration. In 2021, they announced plans to build a joint lunar base called the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS).

The station — expected to be operational between 2035 and 2045 — aims to serve as a hub for scientific research and will be “open to all interested countries and international partners.”

Nonetheless, collaborations with specific nations may be restricted due to geopolitical tensions, particularly those with the US.

With its long-term lunar ambitions, India has set a goal of establishing its lunar base by 2050. While this timeline is after Russia and China’s ILRS plans, India’s engagement with Russia’s lunar nuclear project could present a collaborative opportunity that may expedite its objectives.

Why Is A Nuclear Power Plant Crucial?

In addition to Russia, the US is also considering using nuclear power for future lunar bases. NASA has been exploring the use of nuclear reactors to support long-term lunar settlements for years.

Establishing a colony on the Moon requires building essential infrastructure to sustain everyday activities like heating, drilling, refrigeration, and powering rovers. A reliable and continuous energy source is crucial, and nuclear power is the most viable option.

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However, utilizing nuclear power on the Moon is not a novel idea. Following the groundbreaking Apollo 11 mission in 1969, astronauts from Apollo 12 used a nuclear generator to power scientific equipment on the Moon’s surface, marking one of the first applications of nuclear energy in space exploration.

While solar power has been a popular choice, it has significant drawbacks, particularly during the Moon’s long, 14-day lunar nights.

Solar energy isn’t available during this period, making it unreliable for missions that need continuous power. Nuclear energy could provide a steady source of power, overcoming these limitations.

NASA has emphasized, “While solar power systems have limitations on the Moon, a nuclear reactor could be placed in permanently shadowed areas (where there may be water or ice) or generate power continuously during lunar nights.”

This capability makes nuclear power critical for both manned and unmanned missions aiming to establish a long-term presence on the Moon.

A concern often raised is the safety of transporting nuclear fuel to the Moon. Scientists have confirmed the process is safe. Before it’s activated, the fuel is only mildly radioactive, posing minimal risk, even in the rare event of a rocket failure during launch.

Furthermore, the radiation produced is comparatively low due to the small quantity of fuel required. These reactors are engineered to automatically cease operations in the event of any complications, thereby maintaining safety during their functioning.

Moreover, once the fuel is depleted, the reactors are left in place, with no need for complex waste disposal processes since the remaining fuel will gradually become less radioactive over time.

Overall, nuclear power offers a promising and safe solution for sustaining future lunar bases, addressing energy challenges that solar power cannot overcome.

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