The Double Marker Test is an essential prenatal screening test performed during pregnancy to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby, such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edward syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13). It is primarily recommended during the first trimester to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

This article covers everything about the Double Marker Test, including its purpose, procedure, normal values, cost, and interpretation of results.

What is the Double Marker Test?

The Double Marker Test, also known as the Dual Marker Test, is a blood test that evaluates two important biochemical markers in the mother’s blood:

1. Free Beta hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin): A hormone produced by the placenta. Abnormally high or low levels may indicate chromosomal abnormalities.
2. PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A): A protein associated with the growth of the placenta. Lower-than-normal levels may indicate a higher risk of genetic disorders.

This test is often combined with an NT scan (Nuchal Translucency scan) for a more accurate risk assessment.

Why is the Double Marker Test Important?

✅ Early Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities – Helps assess the risk of Down syndrome and other genetic conditions.
✅ Safe & Non-Invasive – The test only requires a blood sample from the mother, posing no risk to the baby.
✅ Helps in Better Pregnancy Management – High-risk results may lead to further diagnostic tests like NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing), CVS (Chorionic Villus Sampling), or Amniocentesis.

Who Should Get the Double Marker Test?

The test is recommended for:
✔️ Women above 35 years of age (higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities)
✔️ Pregnant women with a family history of genetic disorders
✔️ Those with abnormal NT scan results
✔️ Women with a history of miscarriages or birth defects

When is the Double Marker Test Done?

The test is performed between 9 to 13 weeks of pregnancy (first trimester). It is usually advised along with the NT scan for a more detailed risk evaluation.

Procedure of the Double Marker Test

1️⃣ Blood Sample Collection – A small blood sample is drawn from the mother’s arm.
2️⃣ Laboratory Analysis – The sample is tested for Free Beta hCG and PAPP-A levels.
3️⃣ Result Interpretation – The results are combined with the NT scan findings to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities.

The test is non-invasive and does not harm the baby or the mother.

Understanding Double Marker Test Results

The results are categorized as:

• Low Risk – Normal levels indicate a lower probability of chromosomal disorders.
• High Risk – Abnormal values suggest a higher risk of Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, or other genetic conditions. In such cases, further diagnostic tests may be recommended.

Double Marker Test Normal Values

Note: Values may slightly vary based on lab reports and gestational age.

Cost of Double Marker Test in India

The Double Marker Test cost varies based on location and diagnostic center, typically ranging between ₹1,500 to ₹4,000. Many centers offer package deals including the NT scan for comprehensive screening.

Difference Between Double Marker Test & Triple Marker Test

Conclusion

The Double Marker Test is an important prenatal screening test that helps in the early detection of chromosomal abnormalities. If you are pregnant, consult your doctor about this test, especially if you have risk factors or concerns about your baby’s health. Early diagnosis ensures the best medical care for both the mother and baby.