• Tired of “adjusted payouts” in #MLM systems? That’s the problem with trusting people instead of math. An #Ethereum #SmartContractMLM makes every rule public and every payout automatic no admins, no middlemen, no “manual updates.”

    → Look for devs who can make that logic unbreakable.

    Visit: https://www.blockchainappsdeveloper.com/ethereum-smart-contract-mlm-software

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    Tired of “adjusted payouts” in #MLM systems? That’s the problem with trusting people instead of math. An #Ethereum #SmartContractMLM makes every rule public and every payout automatic no admins, no middlemen, no “manual updates.” → Look for devs who can make that logic unbreakable. Visit: https://www.blockchainappsdeveloper.com/ethereum-smart-contract-mlm-software #EthereumMLM #SmartContract #CryptoBusiness #BlockchainDevelopment #DeFiProjects #Web3Solutions #us #china #russia #uk #japan #canada #germany #australia #europe #finland #france #uae #philippines #brazil
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    Ethereum Smart Contract MLM Software To Launch Smart Contract MLM Platform
    Ethereum Smart Contract MLM Software To Start popular Ethereum Smart Contract MLM platforms like Million Money, Forsage, Etrix. Get Ethereum Smart Contract based MLM Software Demo.
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  • https://community.trustinplay.eu/t/full-list-of-expedi-customer-cont-ct-numbers-in-usa-your-complete-guide/3003
    https://community.trustinplay.eu/t/official-expedi-customer-service-cont-ct-numbers-in-the-usa-full-detailed-guide/3011
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    Full List of Expedi𝓪®️ Customer Cont𝓪ct Numbers in USA : Your Complete Guide
    Learn how to file a complaint with Expedia ║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║ for various issues, such as delayed or cancelled flights, denied boarding, baggage problems, and more. Expedia main customer service number is 1-800-Expedia + ║ +║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║ ++ ║ + ║((║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║)) )) (Live Person), where you can reach a live representative 24/7.║((║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║)) ║ Whether you’re dealing with booking changes, flight cancellations, or have questions regard...
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  • https://community.trustinplay.eu/t/555-full-list-expedia-support-toll-free-usa-contact-numbers-a-step-by-step-guide/2587
    https://community.trustinplay.eu/t/full-list-of-expedi-customer-service-24-7-live-person-conatct-number-usa/2588
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    [[+555*]][[Full List]] Expedia Support®️ Toll Free™️ Usa Contact Numbers: A Step by Step Guide
    Learn how to file a complaint with Expedia ║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║ for various issues, such as delayed or cancelled flights, denied boarding, baggage problems, and more. Expedia main customer service number is 1-800-Expedia + ║ +║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║ ++ ║ + ║((║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║)) )) (Live Person), where you can reach a live representative 24/7.║((║‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬1—805—330—40-56)) ⊹║)) ║ Whether you’re dealing with booking changes, flight cancellations, or have questions regard...
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  • Why do so many victims of cyber fraud remain silent, and what support do they need?

    It's a common and unfortunate reality that many victims of cyber fraud remain silent.
    This silence creates a significant challenge for law enforcement, perpetuates the stigma, and leaves victims isolated.

    The reasons are primarily psychological and societal:

    Why Victims Remain Silent:
    Shame and Embarrassment: This is by far the biggest factor. Victims often feel incredibly foolish, stupid, or naïve for having "fallen for" a scam, especially when it involves significant financial loss or emotional manipulation (like in romance scams). They fear judgment from family, friends, and society, leading them to hide their experience. Phrases like "You should have known better" only exacerbate these feelings.

    Self-Blame and Guilt: Many victims internalize the blame, believing it was their fault for being "too trusting" or "not smart enough" to spot the scam. This self-blame is often compounded in investment scams, where victims might feel they were "greedy" for wanting quick returns.

    Fear of Judgment and Stigma: There's a societal stigma attached to being a fraud victim that isn't always present for victims of other crimes (like physical assault or robbery). People tend to associate fraud victims with gullibility, which is a harsh and unfair stereotype.

    Emotional Distress and Trauma: The psychological impact of cyber fraud can be immense, leading to severe anxiety, depression, PTSD, isolation, and even suicidal thoughts. This emotional toll can make it incredibly difficult for victims to speak out or even process what happened.

    Perceived Futility of Reporting:
    Lack of Recovery: Many victims believe that reporting won't lead to the recovery of their lost money, especially with international scams and cryptocurrency.

    Lack of Faith in Law Enforcement: Some may feel that law enforcement won't have the resources or expertise to investigate complex cyber fraud cases, or that their case is too small to matter.

    Complicated Reporting Processes: The process of reporting can sometimes be perceived as complicated or overwhelming, especially when navigating multiple agencies (e.g., police, bank, platform).

    Desire to Forget and Move On: The experience can be so painful and humiliating that victims simply want to put it behind them and avoid reliving the trauma by discussing it.

    Fear of Further Victimization: Some victims worry that reporting will make them a target for more scams or expose them to public scrutiny.

    Lack of Awareness of Support Systems: Victims may not know who to report to or what support services are available to them.

    What Support Do They Need?
    Victims of cyber fraud need a holistic approach that addresses not just the financial impact but also the profound emotional and psychological distress.

    Empathy and Non-Judgmental Listening:
    Crucial First Step: When a victim confides, the most important response is empathy and reassurance that it's not their fault. Avoid any language that implies blame or criticism.

    Validation: Acknowledge their pain, shame, and anger. Help them understand that professional scammers are highly skilled manipulators who can deceive anyone.

    Accessible and Streamlined Reporting Mechanisms:
    Clear Pathways: Provide a central, easy-to-understand point of contact for reporting (e.g., Taiwan's 165 Anti-Fraud Hotline).

    User-Friendly Process: Make the reporting process as simple and supportive as possible, minimizing bureaucratic hurdles.

    Timely Response: Victims need to feel that their report is being taken seriously and acted upon promptly.

    Psychological and Emotional Support:
    Counseling and Therapy: Provide access to mental health professionals (psychologists, therapists) specializing in trauma and victim support. Fraud can lead to PTSD-like symptoms, anxiety, depression, and distrust.

    Peer Support Groups: Connecting victims with others who have experienced similar fraud can be incredibly validating and therapeutic, reducing feelings of isolation and shame. Organizations like the FINRA Investor Education Foundation offer such groups.

    Crisis Hotlines: Accessible hotlines for immediate emotional support.

    Financial and Practical Assistance:
    Guidance on Fund Recovery: Clear, realistic advice on whether and how lost funds might be recovered (e.g., chargebacks, contacting banks, asset forfeiture in criminal cases).

    Identity Theft Resolution: Help with credit freezes, monitoring credit reports, and resolving any identity theft issues that arise from compromised data.

    Legal Advice: Guidance on their legal rights and options, including potential civil lawsuits.

    Practical Steps: Assistance with changing passwords, securing accounts, and removing malicious software.

    Increased Public Awareness and Education:
    De-stigmatization Campaigns: Public campaigns that highlight the sophistication of scams and emphasize that anyone can be a victim, thereby reducing shame and encouraging reporting.

    Educational Resources: Easily digestible information about new scam tactics and prevention methods. This needs to be continuously updated and disseminated through various channels.

    Focus on Emotional Impact: Educate the public on the psychological toll of fraud, not just the financial loss, to foster greater understanding and empathy.

    By focusing on compassion, practical support, and systemic change, societies can help victims of cyber fraud break their silence, heal from their trauma, and contribute to a more effective fight against these pervasive crimes.
    Why do so many victims of cyber fraud remain silent, and what support do they need? It's a common and unfortunate reality that many victims of cyber fraud remain silent. This silence creates a significant challenge for law enforcement, perpetuates the stigma, and leaves victims isolated. The reasons are primarily psychological and societal: Why Victims Remain Silent: Shame and Embarrassment: This is by far the biggest factor. Victims often feel incredibly foolish, stupid, or naïve for having "fallen for" a scam, especially when it involves significant financial loss or emotional manipulation (like in romance scams). They fear judgment from family, friends, and society, leading them to hide their experience. Phrases like "You should have known better" only exacerbate these feelings. Self-Blame and Guilt: Many victims internalize the blame, believing it was their fault for being "too trusting" or "not smart enough" to spot the scam. This self-blame is often compounded in investment scams, where victims might feel they were "greedy" for wanting quick returns. Fear of Judgment and Stigma: There's a societal stigma attached to being a fraud victim that isn't always present for victims of other crimes (like physical assault or robbery). People tend to associate fraud victims with gullibility, which is a harsh and unfair stereotype. Emotional Distress and Trauma: The psychological impact of cyber fraud can be immense, leading to severe anxiety, depression, PTSD, isolation, and even suicidal thoughts. This emotional toll can make it incredibly difficult for victims to speak out or even process what happened. Perceived Futility of Reporting: Lack of Recovery: Many victims believe that reporting won't lead to the recovery of their lost money, especially with international scams and cryptocurrency. Lack of Faith in Law Enforcement: Some may feel that law enforcement won't have the resources or expertise to investigate complex cyber fraud cases, or that their case is too small to matter. Complicated Reporting Processes: The process of reporting can sometimes be perceived as complicated or overwhelming, especially when navigating multiple agencies (e.g., police, bank, platform). Desire to Forget and Move On: The experience can be so painful and humiliating that victims simply want to put it behind them and avoid reliving the trauma by discussing it. Fear of Further Victimization: Some victims worry that reporting will make them a target for more scams or expose them to public scrutiny. Lack of Awareness of Support Systems: Victims may not know who to report to or what support services are available to them. What Support Do They Need? Victims of cyber fraud need a holistic approach that addresses not just the financial impact but also the profound emotional and psychological distress. Empathy and Non-Judgmental Listening: Crucial First Step: When a victim confides, the most important response is empathy and reassurance that it's not their fault. Avoid any language that implies blame or criticism. Validation: Acknowledge their pain, shame, and anger. Help them understand that professional scammers are highly skilled manipulators who can deceive anyone. Accessible and Streamlined Reporting Mechanisms: Clear Pathways: Provide a central, easy-to-understand point of contact for reporting (e.g., Taiwan's 165 Anti-Fraud Hotline). User-Friendly Process: Make the reporting process as simple and supportive as possible, minimizing bureaucratic hurdles. Timely Response: Victims need to feel that their report is being taken seriously and acted upon promptly. Psychological and Emotional Support: Counseling and Therapy: Provide access to mental health professionals (psychologists, therapists) specializing in trauma and victim support. Fraud can lead to PTSD-like symptoms, anxiety, depression, and distrust. Peer Support Groups: Connecting victims with others who have experienced similar fraud can be incredibly validating and therapeutic, reducing feelings of isolation and shame. Organizations like the FINRA Investor Education Foundation offer such groups. Crisis Hotlines: Accessible hotlines for immediate emotional support. Financial and Practical Assistance: Guidance on Fund Recovery: Clear, realistic advice on whether and how lost funds might be recovered (e.g., chargebacks, contacting banks, asset forfeiture in criminal cases). Identity Theft Resolution: Help with credit freezes, monitoring credit reports, and resolving any identity theft issues that arise from compromised data. Legal Advice: Guidance on their legal rights and options, including potential civil lawsuits. Practical Steps: Assistance with changing passwords, securing accounts, and removing malicious software. Increased Public Awareness and Education: De-stigmatization Campaigns: Public campaigns that highlight the sophistication of scams and emphasize that anyone can be a victim, thereby reducing shame and encouraging reporting. Educational Resources: Easily digestible information about new scam tactics and prevention methods. This needs to be continuously updated and disseminated through various channels. Focus on Emotional Impact: Educate the public on the psychological toll of fraud, not just the financial loss, to foster greater understanding and empathy. By focusing on compassion, practical support, and systemic change, societies can help victims of cyber fraud break their silence, heal from their trauma, and contribute to a more effective fight against these pervasive crimes.
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  • How Centralized Exchanges Handle Your Privacy

    Using a centralized exchange development company means trusting the platform with your data, from KYC documents to trading history. This data is stored on encrypted servers, secured with cold storage and regular security checks to protect against breaches.

    While anonymized data might be shared with partners or regulators, your privacy is still a key priority.

    To stay protected:

    Use strong, unique passwords
    Enable two-factor authentication
    Only share the required information
    Keep your apps and devices updated
    Trade with confidence, choose a reliable centralized exchange development company like Justtry Technologies.

    Visit : https://justtrytech.com/centralized-crypto-exchange-development/
    phone: 9500139200
    Email: sales@justtrytech.com
    Whatsapp : https://wa.me/919500139200

    #CryptoExchangeDevelopment
    #CryptocurrencyTrading
    #BlockchainDevelopment
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    How Centralized Exchanges Handle Your Privacy Using a centralized exchange development company means trusting the platform with your data, from KYC documents to trading history. This data is stored on encrypted servers, secured with cold storage and regular security checks to protect against breaches. While anonymized data might be shared with partners or regulators, your privacy is still a key priority. To stay protected: Use strong, unique passwords Enable two-factor authentication Only share the required information Keep your apps and devices updated Trade with confidence, choose a reliable centralized exchange development company like Justtry Technologies. Visit : https://justtrytech.com/centralized-crypto-exchange-development/ phone: 9500139200 Email: sales@justtrytech.com Whatsapp : https://wa.me/919500139200 #CryptoExchangeDevelopment #CryptocurrencyTrading #BlockchainDevelopment #DigitalAssetPlatform
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  • Gut Feel vs. Game Plan: Navigating Intuition and Analysis in Competitive Play

    In high-stakes competitive environments, success often hinges on the delicate balance between instinct and strategic analysis. While intuition offers split-second decisions shaped by experience, analytical thinking provides structured, data-driven choices. Mastering both can elevate your gameplay, helping you adapt swiftly and outmaneuver opponents with confidence. Whether you’re calculating odds or trusting your gut, knowing when to rely on each can be the game-changer. Discover how top players blend these mental tools to gain the edge in competitive settings—from rummy tables to virtual arenas—and how you can apply the same to enhance your performance.

    Know more: https://naction.in/intuition-vs-analysis-in-competitive-environments/
    Gut Feel vs. Game Plan: Navigating Intuition and Analysis in Competitive Play In high-stakes competitive environments, success often hinges on the delicate balance between instinct and strategic analysis. While intuition offers split-second decisions shaped by experience, analytical thinking provides structured, data-driven choices. Mastering both can elevate your gameplay, helping you adapt swiftly and outmaneuver opponents with confidence. Whether you’re calculating odds or trusting your gut, knowing when to rely on each can be the game-changer. Discover how top players blend these mental tools to gain the edge in competitive settings—from rummy tables to virtual arenas—and how you can apply the same to enhance your performance. Know more: https://naction.in/intuition-vs-analysis-in-competitive-environments/
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  • Gabapentin 300mg for nerve pain
    Gabapentin 300mg could be the solution you've been looking for. Healthcurepills offers a reliable source for this medication that has shown effectiveness in managing various types of nerve pain. By choosing Gabapentin 300mg, you're opting for a well-established treatment known to alleviate discomfort associated with conditions like neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia. Trusting Healthcurepills with your prescription ensures you receive a quality product that could make a noticeable difference in your pain levels. Don't let nerve pain hold you back any longer – consider giving Gabapentin 300mg a try through Healthcurepills and experience the potential relief it can provide.
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    Gabapentin 300mg for nerve pain Gabapentin 300mg could be the solution you've been looking for. Healthcurepills offers a reliable source for this medication that has shown effectiveness in managing various types of nerve pain. By choosing Gabapentin 300mg, you're opting for a well-established treatment known to alleviate discomfort associated with conditions like neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia. Trusting Healthcurepills with your prescription ensures you receive a quality product that could make a noticeable difference in your pain levels. Don't let nerve pain hold you back any longer – consider giving Gabapentin 300mg a try through Healthcurepills and experience the potential relief it can provide. visit:https://healthcurepills.com/product/gabapentin-300mg/
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  • Digital Agency Reseller offers top-notch SEO outsourcing services. With a proven track record, we excel in enhancing online visibility and driving organic traffic. Our skilled team employs strategic keyword research, on-page and off-page optimization, and content refinement to ensure higher search engine rankings. By entrusting your SEO needs to us, you'll benefit from our expertise while focusing on core business activities. We provide transparent reporting and customized solutions that align with your clients' objectives. Elevate your agency's offerings with our reliable SEO outsourcing services for sustained growth and success in the digital landscape.

    For more information visit our website - https://www.digitalagencyreseller.com/seo-outsourcing-services
    Digital Agency Reseller offers top-notch SEO outsourcing services. With a proven track record, we excel in enhancing online visibility and driving organic traffic. Our skilled team employs strategic keyword research, on-page and off-page optimization, and content refinement to ensure higher search engine rankings. By entrusting your SEO needs to us, you'll benefit from our expertise while focusing on core business activities. We provide transparent reporting and customized solutions that align with your clients' objectives. Elevate your agency's offerings with our reliable SEO outsourcing services for sustained growth and success in the digital landscape. For more information visit our website - https://www.digitalagencyreseller.com/seo-outsourcing-services
    0 Comments 0 Shares 2K Views 0 Reviews
  • CHRONIC PAIN-
    What Makes Some People More Vulnerable to Pain?
    The emotional components of the pain experience.
    Reviewed by Jessica Schrader

    KEY POINTS-
    The experience of pain involves both sensory and emotional components.
    Psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, make people vulnerable to the development of chronic pain.
    Positive psychological factors, such as hope, acceptance, and optimism, affect the adjustment to persistent pain.
    “One of the major reasons why pain becomes immortal in our bodies is how we feel in our minds.” –Haider Warraich

    Pain is not a purely sensory experience reflecting underlying tissue damage (Melzack, 1996). Emotions, beliefs, and behaviors are vital parts of the human chronic pain experience. Negative emotions and limited emotional awareness contribute to greater pain and poorer adjustment (Lalkhen, 2021). Negative emotions stem from many sources including stressful life events, pain anxiety, attachment insecurity, and the experience of pain itself. The negative emotional aspect of pain can increase a person’s vulnerability to opioid addiction.

    The followings are a list of psychological factors that influence pain perception. And they also contribute to pain relief and suffering (Allaz, 2015).

    1. Stress
    Suffering begets suffering. Our circumstances play a significant role. Unresolved acute stressors over the life course may be most relevant to persistent pain. Early stress in life can alter how the brain responds to stressors later in life and can sensitize us to trauma. For example, reports of childhood adversities (e.g., family conflict, sexual abuse, physical abuse) and adulthood conflict are higher in people with various pain conditions, including migraine headaches, irritable bowel syndrome, and fibromyalgia.

    2. Poor mental health
    Anxiety, depression, and anger are common in people with chronic pain. Anxiety and physical pain can amplify each other (Vadivelu, 2017). Distressed with chronic pain, a person may start to feel anxious that they have no control over their body. Their anxiety may increase their focus on the pain and intensify it. For example, problems with daily routines such as housework or gardening can trigger feelings of anxiety and fear, leading to avoidance behavior. The aim of therapy is to increase tolerance to trigger situations to reduce anxiety with each exposure.

    3. Pain catastrophizing
    Pain catastrophizing refers to the tendency to worry, exaggerate the seriousness of the pain sensations, and feel helpless about pain. Pain catastrophizing is associated with greater pain and maladjustment in acute pain, such as headaches and rheumatic diseases. People with trauma histories are more likely to catastrophize. Pain catastrophizing may communicate the patient’s need for support in dealing with both the pain and the emotional distress that goes with pain. Unfortunately, over the long term, catastrophizing may undermine patients’ support needs.

    4. Attachment
    Vulnerability in interpersonal encounters and high sensitivity to rejection associated with an inability to create trusting bonds are hallmarks of the insecure attachment style. The difficulties in creating interpersonal relationships can in turn contribute to the difficult construction of therapeutic alliance. A substantial body of research demonstrates that being insecurely attached to parents is a risk factor for maladaptive outcomes (Lumley, 2011). For example, evidence shows that an insecure attachment style contributes to high pain intensity and disability, to feeling pain as a threat, and to a higher degree of pain-related distress. Insecure attachment is also correlated to high levels of depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing and to a tendency to express distress in a somatic way.

    5. Emotional awareness
    People vary in the degree that they verbally and non-verbally express their emotions. The difficulty with awareness and expression of emotions relates to the frequently observed somatic expression of mood disorders. That is, emotional problems can be expressed through bodily symptoms. For example, evidence showed that anger inhibition predicted higher pain ratings at the end of the day, whereas anger expression predicted lower pain ratings, among women with fibromyalgia. Among people with low back pain, anger suppression led to increased pain behavior during a functional task. Many individuals manifest their anxieties and worries as physical symptoms such as abdominal pain. Somatization can be understood as a mode of communication of painful symptoms (grief or melancholy).

    6. Positive psychological factors
    Positive psychological factors, namely hope, pain acceptance, and optimism, affect the adjustment to persistent pain. Pain acceptance is defined as accepting what cannot be changed, getting involved in meaningful activities despite the pain, and decreasing ineffective struggles to eliminate pain. Acceptance requires that the individual continues the activities he/she values and maintains her personal goals despite the presence of pain. Evidence suggests that subjects with higher levels of pain acceptance experience substantially lower levels of pain, and distress.

    In sum, psychological factors influence the perception of pain by affecting individual variations in sensitivity to pain. Reducing emotional hurt could be important for chronic pain patients.
    CHRONIC PAIN- What Makes Some People More Vulnerable to Pain? The emotional components of the pain experience. Reviewed by Jessica Schrader KEY POINTS- The experience of pain involves both sensory and emotional components. Psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, make people vulnerable to the development of chronic pain. Positive psychological factors, such as hope, acceptance, and optimism, affect the adjustment to persistent pain. “One of the major reasons why pain becomes immortal in our bodies is how we feel in our minds.” –Haider Warraich Pain is not a purely sensory experience reflecting underlying tissue damage (Melzack, 1996). Emotions, beliefs, and behaviors are vital parts of the human chronic pain experience. Negative emotions and limited emotional awareness contribute to greater pain and poorer adjustment (Lalkhen, 2021). Negative emotions stem from many sources including stressful life events, pain anxiety, attachment insecurity, and the experience of pain itself. The negative emotional aspect of pain can increase a person’s vulnerability to opioid addiction. The followings are a list of psychological factors that influence pain perception. And they also contribute to pain relief and suffering (Allaz, 2015). 1. Stress Suffering begets suffering. Our circumstances play a significant role. Unresolved acute stressors over the life course may be most relevant to persistent pain. Early stress in life can alter how the brain responds to stressors later in life and can sensitize us to trauma. For example, reports of childhood adversities (e.g., family conflict, sexual abuse, physical abuse) and adulthood conflict are higher in people with various pain conditions, including migraine headaches, irritable bowel syndrome, and fibromyalgia. 2. Poor mental health Anxiety, depression, and anger are common in people with chronic pain. Anxiety and physical pain can amplify each other (Vadivelu, 2017). Distressed with chronic pain, a person may start to feel anxious that they have no control over their body. Their anxiety may increase their focus on the pain and intensify it. For example, problems with daily routines such as housework or gardening can trigger feelings of anxiety and fear, leading to avoidance behavior. The aim of therapy is to increase tolerance to trigger situations to reduce anxiety with each exposure. 3. Pain catastrophizing Pain catastrophizing refers to the tendency to worry, exaggerate the seriousness of the pain sensations, and feel helpless about pain. Pain catastrophizing is associated with greater pain and maladjustment in acute pain, such as headaches and rheumatic diseases. People with trauma histories are more likely to catastrophize. Pain catastrophizing may communicate the patient’s need for support in dealing with both the pain and the emotional distress that goes with pain. Unfortunately, over the long term, catastrophizing may undermine patients’ support needs. 4. Attachment Vulnerability in interpersonal encounters and high sensitivity to rejection associated with an inability to create trusting bonds are hallmarks of the insecure attachment style. The difficulties in creating interpersonal relationships can in turn contribute to the difficult construction of therapeutic alliance. A substantial body of research demonstrates that being insecurely attached to parents is a risk factor for maladaptive outcomes (Lumley, 2011). For example, evidence shows that an insecure attachment style contributes to high pain intensity and disability, to feeling pain as a threat, and to a higher degree of pain-related distress. Insecure attachment is also correlated to high levels of depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing and to a tendency to express distress in a somatic way. 5. Emotional awareness People vary in the degree that they verbally and non-verbally express their emotions. The difficulty with awareness and expression of emotions relates to the frequently observed somatic expression of mood disorders. That is, emotional problems can be expressed through bodily symptoms. For example, evidence showed that anger inhibition predicted higher pain ratings at the end of the day, whereas anger expression predicted lower pain ratings, among women with fibromyalgia. Among people with low back pain, anger suppression led to increased pain behavior during a functional task. Many individuals manifest their anxieties and worries as physical symptoms such as abdominal pain. Somatization can be understood as a mode of communication of painful symptoms (grief or melancholy). 6. Positive psychological factors Positive psychological factors, namely hope, pain acceptance, and optimism, affect the adjustment to persistent pain. Pain acceptance is defined as accepting what cannot be changed, getting involved in meaningful activities despite the pain, and decreasing ineffective struggles to eliminate pain. Acceptance requires that the individual continues the activities he/she values and maintains her personal goals despite the presence of pain. Evidence suggests that subjects with higher levels of pain acceptance experience substantially lower levels of pain, and distress. In sum, psychological factors influence the perception of pain by affecting individual variations in sensitivity to pain. Reducing emotional hurt could be important for chronic pain patients.
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  • Maybe I Don’t Know You Like the Back of My Hand.
    The assumptions we make about people we love can kill a relationship over time.
    Reviewed by Jessica Schrader

    Long-term relationships can be wonderful. Whether it’s your best friend, sibling, business partner, or lover, having a relationship that lasts for years, decades, or over the course of a lifetime can mean trusting that that person cares deeply about you, will remain with you, and knows you deeply. They’re the person that can watch you walk into a room and within five seconds know something isn’t right when everyone else thinks you’re just fine. You can give them a look or say a couple of words and they know you want to leave the party instantly. Being known so well, and knowing another so well, is a wonderful experience.

    However, this kind of intimate knowledge can also really have its pitfalls. Feeling like we know someone so well can lead to making assumptions about the other, and assumptions can lead to inaccurate interpretations, resentments, strife, and boredom in relationships.

    For example, while it can be wonderful to feel like you can easily read the expression on a loved one’s face, we might, in fact, misread their facial expression or body language. Additionally, when we assume that our loved one is attuned to us and therefore must know how we feel about something, it can easily lead us to resentment that may not be based in truth. Also, if we assume we know what our loved one wants or needs, we can miss the mark on what they actually need.

    In addition to assumptions we react or respond to, often assuming we know someone can cause people to fall into prescribed roles in a relationship that eventually make them feel trapped. For example, if one person is the “planner” and the other is the “spontaneous one,” the planner might grow resentful of always having to figure things out and the spontaneous one might end up resentful that they don’t end up doing what they’d like to do.

    The antidote is deceptively simple—and may even seem silly in a relationship that has lasted 20 years or a lifetime—but it can make a big difference: ask. Ask the questions that seem obvious but give the other person a chance to tell you what’s true for them. The answer might confirm what you thought (which is never a bad thing) or it might give you the opportunity to be a better friend/sibling/partner/co-worker to someone you care about. Some of the questions you might ask are:

    How do you feel about this situation?
    How can I support you right now?
    What would you like to see happen? How would you prefer this to go?
    What’s important to you?
    What role would you like to play in this plan/event?
    Can I share my thoughts and feelings with you about this?
    What’s your opinion?
    You look like something is going on. Want to talk?
    How can I make your day better?
    Can I talk to you about something important to me?

    Make sure the questions are as open-ended and neutral as possible, so the other person has the opportunity to answer without feeling pressure to give you the answer you want/are expecting.

    Additionally, asking questions about long-term goals can also be important. What people want for the future often changes over time, so being supportive of the people we care about—and working together towards common goals—can change over time as well. It’s important to check in with the deeper conversations and questions to ensure we are on the same page.

    These questions and check-ins are important for both the short-term and long-term health in a relationship. To keep assumptions from negatively affecting your relationship, take pulse checks often and sincerely. Besides the above questions, set aside times to ask the deeper questions such as “How happy are you right now?” and “Is your life better or worse than you imagined it might be?” Be an empathic, non-defensive listener and don’t be afraid to hear things that can help the relationship improve. See the answers as a gift that can help the relationship be the best it can possibly be. Know that even the conversation itself requires vulnerability, creating more intimacy and bringing conversations beyond the usual, everyday routine.
    Maybe I Don’t Know You Like the Back of My Hand. The assumptions we make about people we love can kill a relationship over time. Reviewed by Jessica Schrader Long-term relationships can be wonderful. Whether it’s your best friend, sibling, business partner, or lover, having a relationship that lasts for years, decades, or over the course of a lifetime can mean trusting that that person cares deeply about you, will remain with you, and knows you deeply. They’re the person that can watch you walk into a room and within five seconds know something isn’t right when everyone else thinks you’re just fine. You can give them a look or say a couple of words and they know you want to leave the party instantly. Being known so well, and knowing another so well, is a wonderful experience. However, this kind of intimate knowledge can also really have its pitfalls. Feeling like we know someone so well can lead to making assumptions about the other, and assumptions can lead to inaccurate interpretations, resentments, strife, and boredom in relationships. For example, while it can be wonderful to feel like you can easily read the expression on a loved one’s face, we might, in fact, misread their facial expression or body language. Additionally, when we assume that our loved one is attuned to us and therefore must know how we feel about something, it can easily lead us to resentment that may not be based in truth. Also, if we assume we know what our loved one wants or needs, we can miss the mark on what they actually need. In addition to assumptions we react or respond to, often assuming we know someone can cause people to fall into prescribed roles in a relationship that eventually make them feel trapped. For example, if one person is the “planner” and the other is the “spontaneous one,” the planner might grow resentful of always having to figure things out and the spontaneous one might end up resentful that they don’t end up doing what they’d like to do. The antidote is deceptively simple—and may even seem silly in a relationship that has lasted 20 years or a lifetime—but it can make a big difference: ask. Ask the questions that seem obvious but give the other person a chance to tell you what’s true for them. The answer might confirm what you thought (which is never a bad thing) or it might give you the opportunity to be a better friend/sibling/partner/co-worker to someone you care about. Some of the questions you might ask are: How do you feel about this situation? How can I support you right now? What would you like to see happen? How would you prefer this to go? What’s important to you? What role would you like to play in this plan/event? Can I share my thoughts and feelings with you about this? What’s your opinion? You look like something is going on. Want to talk? How can I make your day better? Can I talk to you about something important to me? Make sure the questions are as open-ended and neutral as possible, so the other person has the opportunity to answer without feeling pressure to give you the answer you want/are expecting. Additionally, asking questions about long-term goals can also be important. What people want for the future often changes over time, so being supportive of the people we care about—and working together towards common goals—can change over time as well. It’s important to check in with the deeper conversations and questions to ensure we are on the same page. These questions and check-ins are important for both the short-term and long-term health in a relationship. To keep assumptions from negatively affecting your relationship, take pulse checks often and sincerely. Besides the above questions, set aside times to ask the deeper questions such as “How happy are you right now?” and “Is your life better or worse than you imagined it might be?” Be an empathic, non-defensive listener and don’t be afraid to hear things that can help the relationship improve. See the answers as a gift that can help the relationship be the best it can possibly be. Know that even the conversation itself requires vulnerability, creating more intimacy and bringing conversations beyond the usual, everyday routine.
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